/effect

Gives or removes status effects from entities. Effects include potion effects like speed, strength, invisibility, etc.

Syntax

/effect <give|clear> <targets> [<effect>] [<seconds>] [<amplifier>] [<hideParticles>]

Parameters

Name	Type	Required	Description
action	literal	Required	Whether to give or clear effects.
targets	entity	Required	The entity or entities to affect.
effect	resource	Optional	The status effect ID (e.g., speed, strength, invisibility). Required for give.
seconds	integer	Optional	Duration in seconds (1-1000000). Use infinite for unlimited duration. Defaults to 30.
amplifier	integer	Optional	Effect level (0-255). 0 is level I. Defaults to 0.
hideParticles	boolean	Optional	Whether to hide the particle effect. Defaults to false.

Examples

/effect give @s speed 600 1 true

Gives yourself Speed II for 10 minutes with hidden particles.

/effect clear @a

Removes all status effects from every player.

/effect give @a night_vision infinite 0

Gives all players permanent Night Vision I.

Common Mistakes

Confusing amplifier 0 with level 0, amplifier 0 corresponds to level I (the first level).
Using /effect give with the 'infinite' duration on large numbers of entities, the effects persist until explicitly cleared.

Notes

Since 1.19.4, you can use 'infinite' as the duration for effects that never expire. The maximum amplifier is 255 but most effects have no visible benefit past a certain level.

Related Commands

/give

/clear

/kill

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